Opinions - Turkey

Will Turkey Ever Ratify Finnish and Swedish accession to NATO?

Will Turkey Ever Ratify Finnish and Swedish accession to NATO?

by Enes Esen, published on 3 October 2022
In June, the NATO member countries signed the Accession Protocol for Finland and Sweden to join the alliance, which has to be ratified by each NATO member country before they become official members. This process has been swiftly completed in all NATO member countries but Hungary and Turkey.
Turkey’s Push to Form a Government in Iraq

Turkey’s Push to Form a Government in Iraq

by Enes Esen, published on 18 August 2022
Iraq has been going through a political stalemate since the parliamentary elections in October 2021. While followers of the Iraqi Shia cleric Muqtada Al Sadr secured the most seats, he was not able to form a coalition government neither with other Shia political parties nor with the Sunnis and Kurds. In this context, Hakan Fidan, head of Turkey's National Intelligence Agency, paid an official visit to Iraq on September 11.
Fransa Dışişleri Bakanı’nın Ziyareti ve Avrupa’nın Türkiye’den Talepleri

Fransa Dışişleri Bakanı’nın Ziyareti ve Avrupa’nın Türkiye’den Talepleri

by Enes Esen, published on 11 September 2022
Fransa Dışişleri Bakanı Catherine Colonna 5-6 Eylül tarihlerinde Ankara ve Atina’yı kapsayan bir gezi gerçekleştirdi. Bakan Colonna’nın ziyaretinin gündem maddeleri arasında Rusya’ya yönelik uluslararası yaptırımların delinmesinde Türkiye’nin rolü ve Yunanistan’la yaşanan gerilimin sonlandırılması öne çıktı. Fransız Bakanın gerek Ankara gerek Atina ziyaretinin dikkat çekmeyen gündemi ise “Avrupa Siyasi Topluluğu" projesine Türkiye’nin katılımıydı.
Schengen Vize Başvurularında Ret Oranı Neden Yükseldi?

Schengen Vize Başvurularında Ret Oranı Neden Yükseldi?

by Enes Esen and İlham Atuş, published on 30 August 2022
Bugünlerde Türk vatandaşları, Avrupa Birliği’nin (AB) Schengen vize başvurularını reddetmesinden çokça şikayet ediyor. Sosyal medya, AB'nin başkonsolosluklarının vize başvurularını nasıl reddettiğine dair paylaşımlarla dolu. Birçok medya kuruluşu, vize alamaması nedeniyle Türk vatandaşlarının nasıl iş imkanı kaçırdığı, festivallere katılamadığı veya yaz tatiline gidemediğine dair haberler yayınlamaya başladı.
Why Does Turkey Have a Higher Refusal Rate for Schengen Visas?

Why Does Turkey Have a Higher Refusal Rate for Schengen Visas?

by Enes Esen and İlham Atuş, published on 25 August 2022
Nowadays, Turkish citizens loudly complain about the EU refusing their Schengen visa applications. Social media is replete with posts on their own experience of how EU consulates in Turkey rejected their applications. Several media outlets are increasingly covering the issue, sharing the stories of Turkish citizens who missed a job opportunity, a festival, or a summer vacation.
The Prospects for the Talks between Turkey and Syria

The Prospects for the Talks between Turkey and Syria

by Enes Esen, published on 19 August 2022
The issue of Syrian refugees is one of the leading problems in Turkey, according to supporters of every major political party in the country. The Turkish government, which faces a tight election prospect within a year, has been making statements to show that they are aware of the problem and are handling the issue of refugees. To this end, the negotiations between Turkey and Syria that have been underway for quite some time have apparently reached a certain point of development.

Reports - Turkey

Electrifying Turkey's Roads: EV Adoption Scenarios & Their Impact on Oil Imports

Electrifying Turkey's Roads: EV Adoption Scenarios & Their Impact on Oil Imports

by Baki Kaya, Ömer Güler, Harun Güngör, and Mustafa Enes Esen, published on 10 September 2025
This study evaluates, through long-term projections to 2053, the potential impact of increased EV penetration on Turkey’s energy landscape. It provides a comparative assessment of how changes in the share of EVs within the total vehicle fleet, across several scenario frameworks, could influence fuel demand and petroleum import volumes. A second, closely related objective is to measure the scale of Turkey’s oil dependency in order to establish a basis for examining its policy implications.
Geopolitical Constraints of Turkey's Energy Hub Ambitions

Geopolitical Constraints of Turkey's Energy Hub Ambitions

by Mustafa Enes Esen, published on 8 July 2025
This study focuses on the geopolitical dimensions and constraints shaping Turkey’s ambition to become a natural gas hub. The emphasis is on Turkey’s diplomatic relations with key supplier countries, the political instability across the wider Middle East, and the limited capacity of neighboring states to produce and export gas reliably—factors that collectively can make or undermine Turkey’s hub ambitions.
MODERNIZING THE TURKEY–EU CUSTOMS UNION: ISSUES AND PROSPECTS

MODERNIZING THE TURKEY–EU CUSTOMS UNION: ISSUES AND PROSPECTS

by instituDE, published in March 2025
The Turkey–EU Customs Union, established in 1995, has been a defining feature of trade relations between Turkey and the European Union. Over the past three decades, the global economic landscape has evolved significantly, necessitating a modernization of the agreement to address new trade realities, regulatory developments, and emerging geopolitical challenges.
TURKEY‘S MASS PURGE AS VIOLATIONS OF THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN PUBLIC SERVICE IN ICCPR

TURKEY‘S MASS PURGE AS VIOLATIONS OF THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATE IN PUBLIC SERVICE IN ICCPR

by instituDE, published on 23 October 2024
'A gift from God' was one of Erdoğan's first descriptions related to coup attempt in July 15. At first no one realized that God's gift meant a chaotic environment in which he needed to declare a national emergency with no checks and balances and then transform Türkiye’s parliamentary democracy into an executive presidency.
JUDICIAL CORRUPTION IN TÜRKİYE

JUDICIAL CORRUPTION IN TÜRKİYE

by instituDE and Arrested Lawyers, published on October 2024
This submission to the Universal Periodic Review (UPR) highlights severe issues undermining the integrity of Türkiye's judiciary, particularly focusing on rampant judicial corruption and impunity as well as human rights abuses which they facilitate. Based on the most recent incidents of corruption concerning members of the judiciary who serve in courts in Istanbul, Izmir and Ankara, this report seeks to examine the high-level corruption within the judiciary and the Turkish government’s failure or even willful ignorance in addressing it.
TURKEY'S GROWING ROLE IN GLOBAL COCAINE TRAFFICKING

TURKEY'S GROWING ROLE IN GLOBAL COCAINE TRAFFICKING

by Dr. İmdat Öner, Halil Çavuş, Ömer Güler and Mustafa Enes Esen, published on 17 September 2024
This report focuses on Turkey's prominence as an emerging market for cocaine trafficking and organized crime in the last decade. Cocaine production in Latin America has dramatically increased since 2013, and Turkey’s status as an emerging market has attracted the attention of Latin American government officials on the front lines of the cocaine trade.

Videos - Turkey

Erdogan’s Biggest Blunder: Is This the Beginning of the End?

March 26, 2025
by Haşim Tekineş, published on 26 March 2025
In this video, we break down why Imamoglu’s arrest is backfiring on Erdogan, the growing resistance in Turkey, and what might come next. Will Erdogan tighten his grip with more force, or is he facing an unstoppable wave of change?

Türkiye Sokaklarda!

March 24, 2025
by Mehmet Demirbaş and Haşim Tekineş, published on 24 March 2025
Erdoğan sarayında, İmamoğlu hapiste, Türkiye sokaklarda! Türkiye nereye gidiyor? Gösteriler nereye varacak? Dünyanın tepkisi nasıl?

Sivil Darbenin Uluslararası Konjonktürü

March 19, 2025
by Haşim Tekineş, published on 19 March 2025
Uluslararası dengeler tek adam rejimini sağlamlaştırması konusunda Erdoğan'a ciddi bir avantaj sağladı.

What is the PKK? Inside Turkey’s Recent Peace Talks

March 12, 2025
by Haşim Tekineş, published on 12 March 2025
Turkey has initiated a new round of talks with the Kurdistan Workers' Party, a.k.a. PKK. PKK's founding leader called the group to lay down their weapons and dissolve the organization. The PKK has declared a ceasefire. Turkey seems to be closer to peace more than ever. Yet, ironically, the country is getting more and more authoritarian every passing day. The question is whether the authoritarian peace is possible?

Ve Ticaret Savaşları Başladı!

March 5, 2025
by Mehmet Demirbaş and Haşim Tekineş, published on 5 March 2025
Amerikan Başkanı Donald Trump Kanada, Meksika ve Çin'e gümrük vergileri koydu. Trump AB'ye de vergi koyacağını belirtiyor. Bu vergiler Amerika'yı, dünya ekonomisini ve Türkiye'yi nasıl etkileyecek?

Why Is Erdoğan Unhappy with the US-Russia Talks?

February 20, 2025
by Haşim Tekineş, published on 20 February 2025
US President Donald Trump decided to initiate direct talks with Russia to end the war in Ukraine.